Abstract
There is a strong and growing demand for skiving cutters, used for the mass production of gears.
Compared to the shaping process, the skiving process avoids a brutally interrupted cut, providing new
opportunities for carbide tooling. This presents new challenges for cutter manufacturing: pinion cutters
may deviate from the involute profile significantly, and the use of diamond wheels makes dressing
relatively expensive and time-consuming. We have developed two complementary methods to address
these problems for the index generation grinding process. Firstly: we have developed a grinding path
compensation, allowing for errors in the cutter’s pressure angle and crowning, to be addressed, without
having to alter the wheel profile. This has proved effective to the point where we can add a crowning of
more than 10 micro-meters to a design, purely using path compensation. Secondly: we have developed
an in-process flank profile measurement procedure, using an analogue ruby probe. This procedure
makes use of modern machine axis control, allowing for a nonlinear path to be followed with better than
micro-meter accuracy. The procedure calculates the reference geometry for the flank profile, using the
nominal wheel profile and grinding path. The deviations of the flank geometry relative to this reference
geometry are measured and graphed. For the case where the reference geometry is an involute curve,
the measurement result will be directly comparable to a traditional gear measuring machine report. When
setting up to grind a skiving cutter, we can assess whether the ground flanks match the intended design
directly, without having to understand complex geometric design details. One can then instantly see what
compensation should be applied for the desired outcome, without removing the cutter from the machine.
There is a strong synergy between the two approaches, simplifying the otherwise difficult setup for
grinding these cutters.