Abstract
Alfredo De Massis, Josip Kotlar, Luca Manelli and Emanuela Rondi also focus on single-family offices; examining research conducted at the Observatory of Family Offices in Italy. From the research undertaken they identify "four drivers of behavioural heterogeneity of single-family offices". While by their very nature all single-family offices are different, the writers go on to identify central types of single-family office, drawing on these different categories, and explain how this can be used to enhance our understanding of family offices more widely.