Abstract
According to literature, there are ten species of genus Aegilops occurring in Italy (three species no longer recorded). Three of them are allochthonous. Eight species are recorded in the Apulia region (two are allochthonous, both are no longer recorded in Apulia). Three species occurring in Apulia are included in the national Red List. A dichotomous key for the identification of all Aegilops species growing in Italy is provided.