Abstract
Mobile off-site prefabrication can enhance complex linear infrastructure projects, yet the absence of a generaland robust relocation rule limits its practical implementation in the construction industry. This research proposesan integrated model that combines Life Cycle Assessment and Geographic Information Systems to optimize athree-layer mobile supply network. A hyperloop infrastructure case study demonstrates that relocating apneumatic mobile factory four times reduces carbon emissions by 62 % and costs by 49 % compared to a sta-tionary facility, primarily due to shortened outbound transportation distances. Scenarios-based sensitivity ana-lyses confirm the adaptability of mobile factories to supply diverse projects and recommend relocating thefactory every 50–80 km to balance sustainability and practical feasibility. Although direct impacts from factoryreconfigurations are modest, they serve as necessary constraints to prevent impractical relocation numbers. Themodel offers practical guidance for developing sustainable relocation strategies for mobile prefabrication fac-tories used in large-scale infrastructure construction.