Abstract
The occurrence of Carex phyllostachys C. A. Mey. has been reported from Santeramo in Colle (Apulia, southeastern Italy) in a deciduous wood, ascribable to the association Stipo bromoidis-Quercetum dalechampii. It is the first record of this species in Italy. The new site represents the westernmost limit of the distribution of this mostly Caucasian species. In Europe the species is very rare, until now known from the Balkan Peninsula only. The occurrence of this species in Apulia underlines once more the affinities between the flora and the vegetation of this Italian region and southeastern Europe. The IUCN assessment leads to consider the species as Critically Endangered (CR) in Italy.