Abstract
Efficient energy utilization is vital for sustainable development, and this is particularly crucial for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in a competitive global market and in the context of combating climate change. Despite the importance of energy flow analysis tools in enhancing energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness for SMEs, there is a lack of knowledge about tools available for this sector. In this vein, this paper aims to explore the factors that influence the adoption and implementation of energy flow analysis tools in SMEs, and to provide guidelines for implementing an internet of things (IoT)-enabled energy monitoring and flow analysis model specifically designed for a SMEs. The effectiveness of the proposed model was demonstrated through a case study that utilized data collected from a company.