Abstract
Current dynamics in and between religion, state, and law pose theoretical and practical challenges. After all, long-term processes of transnationalization, secularization, de-secularization, and political mobilization of and by religions fostered wide-ranging and fundamental transformations in various regards. Among others, they are of great relevance for issues of social and system integration within liberal democratic states on the one hand, and for international relations on the other. In order to elaborate on these challenges, it is necessary to fundamentally put the Westphalian paradigm with its duality of separationism and identitarianism into question, thereby requiring new conceptual and methodological thinking about the relationships of state, law, religion, and cultural diversity in general.