Abstract
The chapter examines the different forms of federal intervention in Italy. Three different types of intervention have been constitutionally entrenched: the power of legislative substitution for the case of regional non-compliance in the implementation of EU law, the extraordinary power of substitution, and finally the power to dismiss the political bodies of territorial entities. These interventions differ particularly in terms of the actors involved (national vs subnational level of government, parliament rather than executive), and the scope of the powers conferred. The chapter analyses both national and subnational government interventions directed at a specific lower level of government, focusing on their legal grounds, procedures, and on the use made of these tools in practice.