Abstract
In this chapter we draw on the lessons learnt from the mapping of ecosystem services-based multifunctionality in different case study regions of the Alpine Space to better characterize multifunctional alpine landscapes. Specifically, we discuss how ecosystem service-based multifunctionality can be assessed through different approaches, we describe the bundles of ecosystem services provided by different land use categories, and we illustrate the importance of landscape heterogeneity for enhancing multifunctionality and the permeability to animal movement.