Abstract
Nanotechnology has leveraged the performance and added to the functionality of biosensors. Biosensors with their operation based on different transduction mechanisms are widely used for the sensing and quantification of the analyte molecules in biomedical applications (diagnostics) and for environmental monitoring. Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies are an attractive proposition because of the sensitivity and specificity of new generations of the sensors (Kim et al., 2019) and because LOC offers the possibility of on-chip sample preparation at a much lower cost. Here, we report the commercial aspects of different sensors and the devices that use these sensors in the laboratory and remote settings. We also provide a list of the devices and sensors that are currently marketed for the biomedical and environmental monitoring industry. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.