Abstract
Direct heat uses in the residential and the different productive sectors amounted to around 50,000 TWh of primary energy in 2014 (IEA, 2016), which corresponded to around 30% of the global energy consumption. A reliable assessment of the cooling needs is complex, but a rough estimation of residential, commercial, and industrial air conditioning worldwide shows at least 1000 TWh of electricity consumed annually (Cox, 2012).